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1.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 121(3): e20230487, Mar.2024. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1538030

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: A adesão à uma alimentação adequada em macronutrientes é fundamental para a prevenção secundária de doenças cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de adesão às recomendações de consumo de ácidos graxos para prevenção e tratamento de doenças cardiovasculares, e estimar se a presença de determinados fatores de risco cardiovascular estaria associada à adesão. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com os dados de linha de base de 2358 participantes do estudo "Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program Trial". Dados de consumo alimentar, e fatores de risco cardiovascular foram avaliados. Foi considerada, de acordo com a Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, uma ingestão adequada de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (AGPI) ≥10% do consumo total de energia diária, para ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGM), 20% e para ácidos graxos saturados (AGS), <7%. Na análise estatística foi considerando nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Nenhum participante aderiu a todas as recomendações de forma simultânea e mais da metade (1482 [62,9%]) não aderiu a nenhuma recomendação. A adesão exclusivamente à recomendação de AGS foi a mais prevalente, sendo cumprida por 659 (28%) dos participantes, seguida da adesão exclusivamente à recomendação de AGP (178 [7,6%]) e de AGM (5 [0,2%]). Não houve associação entre o número de comorbidades e a adesão às recomendações nutricionais (p =0,269). Os participantes da região Nordeste do país apresentaram maior proporção de adesão às recomendações para consumo de AGS (38,42%), e menor para ingestão de AGPI (3,52%) (p <0,001) em comparação às demais. CONCLUSÕES: Na amostra avaliada, evidenciou-se baixa adesão às recomendações nutricionais para consumo de ácidos graxos.

2.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(10): 5898-5917, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1512857

ABSTRACT

Durante os procedimentos odontológicos, os profissionais devem se preocupar com a disseminação e a formação de aerossóis, sendo essa uma rota de transmissão potencial. O objetivo foi demonstrar o risco de contaminação por aerossóis da cavidade bucal durante o atendimento em consultórios odontológicos e comparar cinco procedimentos eletivos, utilizou-se um marcador (corante alimentício) na água do reservatório do equipamento odontológico para identificar a contaminação por produção de aerossóis. Estabeleceu-se os círculos A, B e C com raios de 50, 100 e 150 cm, respectivamente, a partir do ponto central do encosto da cabeça na cadeira odontológica. Estabeleceu-se um planejamento fatorial e teste de Tukey para comparação das médias dos pontos de contaminação e para os pontos não contáveis de contaminação aplicou-se a Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). O tipo de procedimento e a interação entre o local e tipo de procedimento não se mostraram estatisticamente significativos, mas verificou-se maior incidência significativa no círculo A (raio de 50 cm). Aplicando a ACP foi possível relacionar a contaminação do tórax do paciente e da ponta do sugador com os procedimentos de Ultrassom e Incisivo Central Superior, assim como a relação da contaminação do jaleco do cirurgião dentista e da ponta da caneta de alta rotação com os procedimentos de Primeiro Molar Superior, Primeiro Molar Inferior e Incisivo Central Inferior. Precauções para minimizar a contaminação e o espalhamento dos aerossóis devem ser utilizadas nos atendimentos odontológicos para diminuir os riscos de contaminação da equipe profissional, dos pacientes e do ambiente.


During dental procedures, professionals should be concerned with the spread and formation of aerosols, as this is a potential transmission route. The objective was to demonstrate the risk of contamination by aerosols in the oral cavity during care in dental offices and to compare five elective procedures. Circles A, B and C were established with radii of 50, 100 and 150 cm, respectively, from the central point of the headrest on the dental chair. A factorial design and Tukey's test were established to compare the averages of the contamination points and for the non-countable points of contamination, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied. The type of procedure and the interaction between the location and the type of procedure were not statistically significant, but there was a significant higher incidence in circle A (50 cm radius). Applying PCA, it was possible to relate the contamination of the patient's thorax and the tip of the sucker with the Ultrasound and Upper Central Incisor procedures, as well as the relationship of contamination of the dentist's coat and the tip of the high-speed pen with the procedures of Upper First Molar, Lower First Molar and Lower Central Incisor. Precautions to minimize contamination and the spread of aerosols must be used in dental care to reduce the risk of contamination of the professional team, patients and the environment.


Durante los procedimientos dentales, los profesionales deben preocuparse por la propagación y formación de aerosoles, ya que esta es una ruta potencial de transmisión. El objetivo fue demostrar el riesgo de contaminación por aerosoles en la cavidad bucal durante la atención en los consultorios odontológicos y comparar cinco procedimientos electivos. Se establecieron círculos A, B y C con radios de 50, 100 y 150 cm, respectivamente, desde el punto central del reposacabezas del sillón dental. Se estableció un diseño factorial y la prueba de Tukey para comparar los promedios de los puntos de contaminación y para los puntos de contaminación no contables se aplicó el Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA). El tipo de procedimiento y la interacción entre la ubicación y el tipo de procedimiento no fueron estadísticamente significativos, pero hubo una incidencia significativamente mayor en el círculo A (50 cm de radio). Aplicando PCA se logró relacionar la contaminación del tórax del paciente y la punta de la ventosa con los procedimientos de Ultrasonido e Incisivo Central Superior, así como la relación de la contaminación de la bata del odontólogo y la punta del bolígrafo de alta velocidad con los procedimientos de Primer Molar Superior, Primer Molar Inferior e Incisivo Central Inferior. Precauciones para minimizar la contaminación y la propagación de aerosoles deben ser utilizados en la atención odontológica para reducir el riesgo de contaminación del equipo profesional, los pacientes y el medio ambiente.

3.
Adv Rheumatol ; 62: 16, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1374213

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) generates an inflammatory profile that predisposes to total and visceral fatty accumulation and reduced fat free mass (FFM). This metabolic disorder contributes to poor functionality, increased cardiovascular risk and higher mortality. This study aimed to address a systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the effect of biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs and tsDMARDs) on body composition (BC) of patients with RA. Methods: The search was conducted at the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Lilacs and grey literature. This investigation was carried until July 2021. Outcomes of interest were total weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM) and FFM. A meta-analysis comparing these outcomes in RA patients under bDMARD treatment versus controls was performed. Results: Out of 137 studies reviewed, 18 were selected: fifteen prospective cohorts, two retrospective cohorts, and one cross-sectional study. The studies comprised 1221 patients, 778 on bDMARD treatment and 443 controls, which included RA patients under conventional synthetic DMARD (csDMARD). No study addressing BC analysis in patients using tsDMARD was found. The mean age and duration of the disease was 56.7 years and 6.77 years, respectively. Ten studies demonstrated a significant increase of total weight in 88.2% of patients and 42.3% for BMI. In studies that analyzed BC by double X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the increase in total weight and BMI correlated positively to the increase in FFM. The meta-analysis carried out in five studies showed no significant difference of the mean difference for total weight 0.12 kg (95% CI − 5.58, 5.82), BMI 0.08 kg/m2 (95% CI − 1.76, 1.92), FM − 0.08 kg (95% IC − 5.31, 5.14), and FFM − 2.08 kg (95% CI − 7.37, 3.21). Conclusion: This systematic review suggests a possible impact of bDMARDs on BC of RA patients, even though, the meta-analysis carried out in a small part of these studies was not able to confirm significant variation in BC components. Trial registration: PROSPERO code: CRD42020206949.

4.
Adv Rheumatol ; 62: 3, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360070

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To provide guidelines on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRD) to rheumatologists considering specific scenarios of the daily practice based on the shared-making decision (SMD) process. Methods: A task force was constituted by 24 rheumatologists (panel members), with clinical and research expertise in immunizations and infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients, endorsed by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (BSR), to develop guidelines for COVID-19 vaccination in patients with IMRD. A consensus was built through the Delphi method and involved four rounds of anonymous voting, where five options were used to determine the level of agreement (LOA), based on the Likert Scale: (1) strongly disagree; (2) disagree, (3) neither agree nor disagree (neutral); (4) agree; and (5) strongly agree. Nineteen questions were addressed and discussed via teleconference to formulate the answers. In order to identify the relevant data on COVID-19 vaccines, a search with standardized descriptors and synonyms was performed on September 10th, 2021, of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and LILACS to identify studies of interest. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of nonrandomized studies. Results: All the nineteen questions-answers (Q&A) were approved by the BSR Task Force with more than 80% of panelists voting options 4—agree—and 5—strongly agree—, and a consensus was reached. These Guidelines were focused in SMD on the most appropriate timing for IMRD patients to get vaccinated to reach the adequate covid-19 vaccination response. Conclusion: These guidelines were developed by a BSR Task Force with a high LOA among panelists, based on the literature review of published studies and expert opinion for COVID-19 vaccination in IMRD patients. Noteworthy, in the pandemic period, up to the time of the review and the consensus process for this document, high-quality evidence was scarce. Thus, it is not a substitute for clinical judgment.

6.
Mental ; 13(23): 123-143, jan.-jun. 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1351116

ABSTRACT

A Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira teve seu início na década de 70, ganhando força a partir da constituição de 1988, onde cria-se o SUS e suas diretrizes. O movimento de reforma ocorreu de forma complexa e progressiva, sendo marcada por diversas conquistas, principalmente no que diz respeito à leis e decretos que põe fim ao modelo hospitalocêntrico e inaugura uma nova rede de cuidado. Levando em consideração esse processo histórico, este estudo tem por objetivo compreender a percepção dos usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) sobre o cuidado em saúde mental a partir do novo modelo assistencial instituído pela Reforma Psiquiátrica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo, tendo como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada com pacientes egressos de hospitais psiquiátricos e que no momento da pesquisa eram atendidos pelo CAPS II da cidade de Montes Claros-MG, utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo para análise dos dados. Os resultados levaram a três categorias: O cuidado em saúde mental sob o olhar dos usuários; A clínica no contexto de mudança do modelo de atenção em saúde mental; O cenário da reabilitação psicossocial entre o vivido e o ideal. Foi possível concluir que os pacientes perceberam mudanças relacionadas a um modo mais humanizado de cuidar.


The Brazilian Psychiatric Reform began in the 70s, gained strength from the 1988 constitution, where SUS and its guidelines were created. The reform movement took place in a complex and progressive way, marked by several achievements, mainly with regard to laws and decrees, which not only puts an end to the hospital-centered model, but also inaugurates a new care network. Taking this historical process into account, this study aims to understand the perception of users of a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) about mental health care in the city of Montes Claros-MG from the new model of care established by the Psychiatric Reform . This is a qualitative descriptive study, using the semi-structured interview with CAPS II patients from the city of Montes Claros-MG as a research tool, for data analysis using the Content Analysis technique. The results led to three categories: Mental health care under the eyes of users; The clinic in the context of changing the mental health care model; The psychosocial rehabilitation scenario between the lived and the ideal. It was possible to conclude that the patients noticed changes related to a more humanized way of caring.


La Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileña se inició en los años 70, se fortaleció a partir de la constitución de 1988, donde se creó el SUS y sus directrices. El movimiento de reforma se desarrolló de manera compleja y progresiva, marcada por varios logros, principalmente en lo que respecta a leyes y decretos, que no solo pone fin al modelo centrado en el hospital, sino que también inaugura una nueva red asistencial. Teniendo en cuenta este proceso histórico, este estudio tiene como objetivo comprender la percepción de los usuarios de un Centro de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) sobre la atención en salud mental en la ciudad de Montes Claros-MG a partir del nuevo modelo de atención establecido por la Reforma Psiquiátrica. . Se trata de un estudio descriptivo cualitativo, utilizando como herramienta de investigación la entrevista semiestructurada a pacientes CAPS II de la ciudad de Montes Claros-MG, para el análisis de datos mediante la técnica de Análisis de Contenido. Los resultados llevaron a tres categorías: atención de la salud mental bajo la mirada de los usuarios; La clínica en el contexto del cambio de modelo de atención en salud mental; El escenario de rehabilitación psicosocial entre lo vivido y lo ideal. Se pudo concluir que los pacientes notaron cambios relacionados con una forma de cuidar más humanizada.

7.
Clinics ; 76: e3155, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345811

ABSTRACT

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a role not only in calcium homeostasis, but also in several other functions, including cell growth and immune functions, and is considered a neurosteroid. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide and has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of emotional disorders. Therefore, the association between vitamin D levels and psychophysiological disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and mood, has been investigated. To list these variables, a bibliographical literature research was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and PsycINFO databases, between November and December 2020, with no year limits of publication. The studies involved humans aged between 18 and 59 years without associated diseases. This review presents evidence of the main variables involved in this association, main tools used to verify these variables, and methods used to verify circulating vitamin D levels in populations. Most studies have indicated that the main psychophysiological variables involved with vitamin D levels are depression and anxiety followed by mood, and an association has been observed between increased serum vitamin D levels and reduction in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and mood, and there is a heterogeneity of methods for assessing vitamin D. More studies are clearly needed to improve our understanding of their role in modulating the psychophysiological aspects of vitamin D levels.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Bone Density Conservation Agents , Anxiety , Anxiety Disorders , Vitamin D
8.
Clinics ; 76: e3200, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1339709

ABSTRACT

This review aims to investigate the different levels of vitamin D and its role in muscle strength in healthy children and non-athletes. A search conducted in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Psycinfo) resulted in 655 articles, which were systematically analyzed and selected based on the following criteria: (a) original cross-sectional studies and clinical trials; (b) healthy children aged 5-11 years; (c) no language restriction or year of publication; and (d) studies that assessed the possible relationship between vitamin D levels and muscle strength. Six studies were included because they met all the inclusion criteria. According to the findings of this review, factors such as sex, skin color, and vitamin D supplementation early in life modulate the levels of vitamin D in the body, and there is a relationship between muscle strength and vitamin D levels. Interestingly, vitamin D supplementation is not always significantly associated with increased muscle grip strength. However, there is a scarcity of studies that aim to analyze the possible effects of different levels of vitamin D on muscle function and neuromuscular variables in physically inactive children and non-athletes without previously diagnosed disease. Further studies are warranted in the future to address the gap in the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Vitamin D , Vitamin D Deficiency , Vitamins , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hand Strength , Dietary Supplements , Muscle Strength
9.
Adv Rheumatol ; 61: 60, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345107

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: There is a lack of information on the role of chronic use of hydroxychloroquine during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Our aim was to compare the occurrence of COVID-19 between rheumatic disease patients on hydroxychloroquine with individuals from the same household not taking the drug during the first 8 weeks of community viral transmission in Brazil. Methods: This baseline cross-sectional analysis is part of a 24-week observational multi-center study involving 22 Brazilian academic outpatient centers. All information regarding COVID-19 symptoms, epidemiological, clinical, and demographic data were recorded on a specific web-based platform using telephone calls from physicians and medical students. COVID-19 was defined according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (BMH) criteria. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Exact Fisher tests were used for statistical analysis and two binary Final Logistic Regression Model by Wald test were developed using a backward-stepwise method for the presence of COVID-19. Results: From March 29th to May 17st, 2020, a total of 10,443 participants were enrolled, including 5166 (53.9%) rheumatic disease patients, of whom 82.5% had systemic erythematosus lupus, 7.8% rheumatoid arthritis, 3.7% Sjögren's syndrome and 0.8% systemic sclerosis. In total, 1822 (19.1%) participants reported flu symptoms within the 30 days prior to enrollment, of which 3.1% fulfilled the BMH criteria, but with no significant difference between rheumatic disease patients (4.03%) and controls (3.25%). After adjustments for multiple confounders, the main risk factor significantly associated with a COVID-19 diagnosis was lung disease (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.03-2.58); and for rheumatic disease patients were diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (OR 2.8; 95% CI 1.19-6.63) and glucocorticoids above 10 mg/ day (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.31-3.19). In addition, a recent influenza vaccination had a protective effect (OR 0.674; 95% CI 0.46-0.98). Conclusion: Patients with rheumatic disease on hydroxychloroquine presented a similar occurrence of COVID-19 to household cohabitants, suggesting a lack of any protective role against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Trial registration Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC; RBR - 9KTWX6).

10.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 96(4): 439-446, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS, ColecionaSUS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1135041

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To investigate the occurrence of sarcopenia in children and adolescents with chronic liver disease. Methods: A series of cases, with patients aged 6-19 years of both genders, who were treated in Liver Outpatient Clinics. Weight, height, muscle strength (assessed by manual grip strength), and muscle mass (estimated through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were measured. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the simultaneous presence of muscle mass and muscle strength déficits, defined as the values below the mean for muscle mass and strength of the studied population, according to gender. A descriptive analysis (mean and standard deviation) was performed, and the difference of means was calculated by Student's t-test. Results: A total of 85 patients were studied, mostly females (64.7%), with a mean age of 11.7 (SD = 3.4) years. Sarcopenia was identified in 40% of the patients. Muscle strength déficit was found in 54.1% of the subjects, and 50.6% showed muscle mass déficit. The mean muscle mass for males was higher than that for females (6.07; SD = 1.22 kg/m2 vs. 5.42; SD = 1.10 kg/m2; p = 0.016). However, there was no significant difference in sex-related muscle strength (male = 0.85; SD = 0.52 kgf/kgm2 and female = 0.68; SD = 0.30 kgf/kgm2; p = 0.113). Conclusion: The research findings identified that sarcopenia is a condition found in pediatric patients treated at a public referral institution for chronic liver disease.


Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a ocorrência de sarcopenia em crianças e adolescentes com hepatopatias crônicas. Métodos: Série de casos, constituído por pacientes entre 6 e 19 anos, de ambos os sexos, acompanhados em ambulatórios de especialidade em hepatopatias. Foram feitas medidas de peso, altura, força muscular (avaliada pela força de preensão manual) e a massa muscular estimada a partir da absorciometria por dupla emissão de raios X. O diagnóstico de sarcopenia baseou-se na presença simultânea de déficit de massa muscular e de força muscular. Adotaram-se como déficit os valores abaixo da média para massa e força muscular da população estudada, segundo sexo. Realizou-se análise descritiva (média e desvio-padrão), bem como a diferença de médias com o teste do t de Student. Resultados: Foram estudados 85 pacientes, a maioria do sexo feminino (64,7%), com média de 11,7 (DP = 3,4) anos. A sarcopenia foi identificada em 40% dos pacientes, 54,1% apresentaram déficit de força muscular e 50,6% déficit de massa muscular. A média da massa muscular para o sexo masculino foi maior do que no feminino (6,07; DP = 1,22 kg/m2 vs 5,42; DP = 1,10 kg/m2; p = 0,016). No entanto, não houve diferença significante para força muscular com relação aos sexos (masculino = 0,85; DP = 0,52 kgf/kgm2 e feminino = 0,68; DP = 0,30 kgf/kgm2; p = 0,113). Conclusão: Os achados da pesquisa identificaram que a sarcopenia é uma condição presente em pacientes pediátricos atendidos em uma instituição pública de referência para doença hepática crônica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Liver Diseases/complications , Liver Diseases/epidemiology , Absorptiometry, Photon , Chronic Disease , Hand Strength , Muscle Strength
11.
Esc. Anna Nery Rev. Enferm ; 23(3): e20180345, 2019.
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1012093

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To know the common sense of transsexual women in reaction to the transsexual process and to discuss the epistemological construction about the transsexuality and nursing in this process. Method: Qualitative research, carried out between May and June 2017, with 90 transsexual women attending a specialized center. Results: The common sense of the interviewees evidenced the transsexuality as an identity issue and not a disease, barriers to attendance in health demands and absence of the nursing professional. Discussion: The epistemological construction of the transsexuality takes place through science, which instrumentalized the Transsexual Process Policy and does not have the knowledge presented by the common sense of the users. Conclusion and implications for nursing practice: Science has a role to create order and practices from the refinement of common sense, but does not use the common sense of transsexual women in the epistemological construction of transsexuality, which compromises care and reinforces stereotyped and pathological character by health professionals. Science has the power to validate common sense, sedimenting the care to transsexual women, especially nursing practice. Nursing has the challenge of understanding issues related to transsexuality by articulating common sense with scientific knowledge.


Resumen Objetivo: Conocer el sentido común de mujeres transexuales en reacción al proceso transexualizador y discutir la construcción epistemológica acerca de la transexualidad y de la enfermería en ese proceso. Método: Investigación cualitativa, realizada entre mayo y junio de 2017, con 90 mujeres transexuales atendidas en centro especializado. Resultados: El sentido común de las entrevistadas evidenció la transexualidad como una cuestión identitaria y no una enfermedad, trabas en la atención en demandas de salud y ausencia del profesional de enfermería. Discusión: La construcción epistemológica de la transexualidad, se da por medio de la ciencia, que instrumentalizó la Política del Proceso Transexualizador y no dispone de conocimiento presentado por el sentido común de las usuarias. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica de enfermería: La ciencia tiene un papel de crear orden y prácticas a partir del refinamiento del sentido común, pero no utiliza el sentido común de las mujeres transxuales en la construcción epistemológica de la transexualidad, que compromete la asistencia y refuerza el carácter estereotipado y patológico por los profesionales de salud. La ciencia tiene el poder de validar el sentido común, sedimentando la asistencia a las mujeres transexuales, en especial, la práctica de enfermería. La enfermería tiene el desafío de comprender las cuestiones relacionadas a la transexualidad articulando el sentido común con el saber científico.


Resumo Objetivo: Conhecer o senso comum de mulheres transexuais em reação ao processo transexualizador e discutir a construção epistemológica acerca da transexualidade e da enfermagem nesse processo. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada entre maio e junho de 2017, com 90 mulheres transexuais atendidas em centro especializado. Resultados: O senso comum das entrevistadas evidenciou a transexualidade como uma questão identitária e não uma doença, entraves no atendimento em demandas de saúde e ausência do profissional de enfermagem. Discussão: A construção epistemológica da transexualidade, se dá por meio da ciência, que instrumentalizou a Política do Processo Transexualizador e não dispõe de conhecimento apresentado pelo senso comum das usuárias. Conclusão e implicações para a prática de enfermagem: A ciência tem um papel de criar ordem e práticas a partir do refinamento do senso comum, mas não utiliza o senso comum das mulheres transexuais na construção epistemológica da transexualidade, que compromete a assistência e reforça o caráter estereotipado e patológico pelos profissionais de saúde. A ciência tem o poder de validar o senso comum, sedimentando a assistência às mulheres transexuais, em especial, a prática de enfermagem. A enfermagem tem o desafio de compreender as questões relacionadas à transexualidade articulando o senso comum com o saber científico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Science , Transsexualism , Knowledge , Transgender Persons , Health Personnel/psychology , Qualitative Research , Sex Reassignment Surgery , Social Stigma , Health Services for Transgender Persons , Gender Identity , Hormones/therapeutic use
12.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 72(supl.3): 290-296, 2019. graf
Article in English | BDENF, LILACS | ID: biblio-1057712

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the process of transition to motherhood and mothering of women who are wheelchair users, from the perspective of Afaf Ibrahim Meleis. Method: Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory study conducted with six women in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The Life Narrative method was used, with thematic analysis in the light of Transitions Theory. Results: Developmental and situational transitions occurred and were influenced by personal, community and social factor. Moved mainly by ignorance and prejudice of family members and of the social network, these factors were not barriers for motherhood and mothering. Final Considerations: The reproductive rights of women with disabilities must be respected and, for this, inclusive policies focused on women with disabilities should be adopted.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Discutir el proceso de transición hacia la maternidad y el maternaje de mujeres usuarias de silla de ruedas según la perspectiva de Afaf Ibrahim Meleis. Método: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio, realizado entre 6 mujeres usuarias de silla de ruedas y residentes en el estado de Río de Janeiro. Se utilizó el método Narrativa de Vida con análisis temático a la luz de la Teoría de la Transición. Resultados: Se produjeron transiciones de desarrollo y de situación, influenciadas por factores personales, comunitarios y sociales. Movidos principalmente por el desconocimiento, el prejuicio de la familia y de la red social, estos factores no fueron un impedimento para el ejercicio de la maternidad y del maternaje. Consideraciones finales: Deben respetarse los derechos reproductivos de las mujeres con movilidad reducida y para lograr este cometido se hace necesario adoptar políticas transversales con prácticas inclusivas.


RESUMO Objetivo: Discutir o processo de transição para a maternidade e maternagem de mulheres cadeirantes na perspectiva de Afaf Ibrahim Meleis. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, exploratório, realizado com 6 mulheres cadeirantes residentes no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se o método Narrativa de Vida com análise temática à luz da Teoria da Transição. Resultados: Ocorreram as transições desenvolvimental e situacional, com influência de fatores pessoais, comunitários e sociais. Movidos principalmente por desconhecimento, preconceito da família e da rede social, esses fatores não foram impedimentos para o exercício da maternidade e da maternagem. Considerações finais: Os direitos reprodutivos da mulher cadeirante devem ser respeitados e, para isso, políticas transversais devem ser adotadas com práticas inclusivas às mulheres com deficiência.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Nursing/methods , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Mothers/psychology , Wheelchairs/adverse effects , Wheelchairs/psychology , Brazil , Nursing/trends , Parenting/psychology , Parenting/trends , Disabled Persons/psychology , Qualitative Research , Life Change Events , Mother-Child Relations , Mothers/statistics & numerical data
13.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2019. 140 p. ilus..
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1515883

ABSTRACT

Estudo sobre a vulnerabilidade de mães adolescentes em consumo problemático de álcool e outras drogas em relação à hospitalização do filho. Objeto de estudo: a vulnerabilidade da mãe adolescente em consumo problemático de álcool e outras drogas em relação à hospitalização do seu filho. Questões norteadoras: Que tipo de transição a adolescente que se tornou mãe, em uso de álcool e outras drogas apresenta em relação à hospitalização do seu filho? Quais são os fatores que favorecem a internação dos filhos de adolescentes em consumo problemático de álcool e outras drogas? Que tipo de vulnerabilidade essas mães adolescentes apresentam? Objetivos: Analisar a vulnerabilidade de mães adolescentes em consumo problemático de álcool e outras drogas em relação a internação do seu filho; Descrever a vulnerabilidade da adolescente em consumo problemático de álcool e outras drogas em relação ao filho internado; Identificar o processo de transição dessas mães adolescentes em relação à hospitalização do seu filho; Discutir os fatores que influenciaram na transição de mães adolescentes com filho internado. Método: narrativa de vida. Cenários de estudo: duas maternidades. Participantes: 13 adolescentes com filhos internados. Teve-se aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro e da Secretaria Municipal de Nova Iguaçu. As narrativas foram coletadas por entrevista aberta com a questão: "Fale-me a respeito da sua vida que tenha relação com a internação do seu filho". Realizou-se análise temática e comparativa das narrativas das entrevistadas, na perspectiva teórica da Vulnerabilidade e da teoria da transição. Emergiu das narrativas a categoria: a vulnerabilidade das mães adolescentes em consumo problemático de álcool e outras drogas em relação a internação do filho, com três subcategorias: O álcool como porta de entrada para o consumo de outras drogas; o consumo da droga e a internação do filho como situação adversa na vida da mãe adolescente; e o processo de transição das mães adolescentes e sua maternagem modificada. Resultados: evidenciou adolescentes negras, baixo índice de escolaridade, moradoras da Zona Norte do Rio de Janeiro, renda mensal de até dois salários mínimos, que vivem o contexto violento da localidade que estão inseridas. O álcool é o primeiro consumo. Discussão: a maternagem é evidenciada nas narrativas ao retratar a hospitalização do filho. As adolescentes apresentam vulnerabilidade individual, social e programática no contexto do uso da droga e na internação do filho. A enfermagem tem amplo espaço de atuação nos cuidados à adolescente no ciclo gravídico puerperal e no cuidado a este bebê internado. Considerações Finais: o profissional de enfermagem deve estabelecer cuidado individualizado, contínuo e competente, com acolhimento e humanização da assistência contribuindo para que ocorra transição saudável das adolescentes que têm filho internado.


Study about the vulnerability of the teenage mothers on problematic abuse of alcohol and other drugs in relation to their child's hospitalization. Study object: the vulnerability of the teenage mother on problematic abuse of alcohol and other drugs in relation to her child's hospitalization. Guiding questions: What kind of transition does a teenager who has become a mother while abusing alcohol and other drugs have in relation to her child's hospitalization? Which factors favor the hospitalization of teenage mothers 'children on problematic abuse of alcohol and other drugs? What kind of vulnerability do these teenage mothers have? Objectives: to analyze the vulnerability of the teenage mothers on problematic abuse of alcohol and other drugs in relation to their child's hospitalization; to describe the vulnerability of these mothers in relation to their hospitalized child; to identify the transition process of these teenage mothers in relation to their child's hospitalization; to discuss the factors that influenced the transition of the teenage mothers with hospitalized children. Method: narrative of life. Study scenarios: two maternity hospitals. Participants: 13 teenage mothers with hospitalized children. The present work was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the State University of Rio de Janeiro, the Municipal Health Secretariat of Rio de Janeiro and the Municipal Secretariat of Nova Iguaçu. The narratives were collected by an open interview, by using the question: "Tell me aspects of your life that have to do with your child's hospitalization". A thematic and comparative analysis of the interviewees' narratives was performed, from the theoretical perspective of Vulnerability and the transition theory. The category emerged from the narratives was: The vulnerability of the teenage mothers on problematic abuse of alcohol and other drugs in relation to their child's hospitalization, followed by three subcategories: alcohol as a gateway to other drugs abuse; Drug abuse and the child hospitalization as an adverse situation in the teenage mother's life; and the transition process of the teenage mothers and their modified mothering. Results: the study evidenced black teenage women with low level of education, residents of the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro, with monthly income of up to two minimum wages, who live the violent context of the place where they are inserted. Alcohol is the first abuse. Discussion: the mothering is evidenced in the narratives by portraying the child's hospitalization. The teenage mothers have individual, social and programmatic vulnerability in the context of drug abuse and their child's hospitalization. Nursing has a large scope concerning to the care of teenage women in the puerperal pregnancy cycle and the care of the hospitalized baby. Final Considerations: The nursing professional must establish individualized, continuous and competent care, with reception and humanization of care, contributing to the healthy transition of the teenage mothers with hospitalized children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Adolescent , Nursing , Humanization of Assistance , Health Vulnerability , Drug Users , Adolescent Mothers , Mother-Child Relations , Nursing Care , Brazil , Nursing Methodology Research
14.
Clinics ; 73: e392, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974937

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the validity and reliability of ultrasonography measurement of rectus femoris cross-sectional area compared to computed tomography in patients in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease and analyzed the association between these measurements and the diagnosis of sarcopenia. METHODS: One hundred patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease were evaluated. Sarcopenia was defined using the criteria of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project (FNIH). The rectus femoris cross-sectional area was evaluated using ultrasonography and computed tomography. RESULTS: The prevalence of sarcopenia was 29% according to the FNIH criteria. The difference in mean rectus femoris cross-sectional area by ultrasonography and computed tomography was 3.97 mm, with a strong correlation between the two methods (p<0.001). Bland-Altman plot analysis showed good agreement between computed tomography and ultrasonography. Rectus femoris cross-sectional area was significantly correlated with muscle strength (r=0.300, p=0.002), lean body mass in the upper limbs (r=0.286, p=0.004), and lean body mass in the lower limbs (r=0.271, p=0.006). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 12% (n=12) based on the definition of low muscle mass according to ultrasonography of the rectus femoris cross-sectional area. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonography was demonstrated to be a valid and reliable method for evaluating the rectus femoris cross-sectional area in patients in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Quadriceps Muscle/diagnostic imaging , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Sarcopenia/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Cross-Sectional Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Ultrasonography , Sarcopenia/complications
15.
Braspen J ; 32(1): 36-41, jan.-mar. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847917

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O estudo do consumo alimentar de uma população é capaz de gerar informa- ções que refletem a sua organização social e de saúde, possibilitando otimizar estratégias de melhoria nos variados aspectos. Objetivo: Avaliar o consumo alimentar de praticantes de musculação de uma academia em Curitiba, PR. Método: Estudo observacional transversal, com coleta de dados sobre idade, gênero, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), objetivando a prática de musculação e avaliação do consumo alimentar por meio de recordatório 24 horas. Resultados: Foram avaliados 22 indivíduos, sendo 45,5% (n=10) do sexo feminino e 54,5% (n=12) do sexo masculino. A média de idade foi de 30,6±10,34 anos para o sexo feminino e 28,1±6,18 anos para o sexo masculino. O IMC médio encontrado foi de 22,6±2,18 kg/m2 para o sexo feminino e 25,9±3,99 kg/m2 para o sexo masculino. Observou-se que 45% dos avaliados buscam hipertrofia muscular. A característica da dieta encontrada é hipocalórica, hiperproteica, hipoglicídica, normolipídica e carente em micronutrientes, com elevado consumo de suplemento hiperproteico. Conclusão: Esses dados indicam a necessidade de intervenção focada no controle de peso e comportamentos alimentares para um bom desempenho esportivo e de saúde.(AU)


Introduction: The study of food consumption of a population can generate information that reflect the social organization and health, allowing optimize improvement strategies in various aspects. Objective: To evaluate the dietary intake of practitioners of resistance training at gym in Curitiba, PR. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with collect data on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), the aim of the practice of strength and evaluation of food consumption by 24-hour recall. Results: Twenty-two individuals were evaluated, 45.5% (n=10) were female and 54.5% (n=12) were male. The mean age was 30.6±10.34 years for females and 28.1±6.18 years for males. The mean BMI was found 22,6±2,18 kg/m2 for women and 25,9±3,99 kg/m2 for males. It was observed that 45% of the individuals seeking muscle hypertrophy. The feature is found hypocaloric diet, high-protein, low-carbohydrate, normolipidic and lacking in micronutrients, with high protein supplement consumption. Conclusion: These data indicate the need for an intervention focused on weight control and eating behavior for a good sports performance and health.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Eating , Dietary Supplements , Fitness Centers , Resistance Training , Nutritional Status , Cross-Sectional Studies/instrumentation , Observational Study
16.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 37(1): 83-90, jan. 2017. tab., graf.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-846423

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a biometria corporal e o perfil hematológico de Trachemys scripta elegans (N=28) e de Trachemys dorbignyi (N=22) criadas em cativeiro na região do submédio do Vale do São Francisco, semiárido nordestino brasileiro, visando estabelecer valores sanguíneos básicos de saúde e gerar dados úteis na fisiologia comparativa de Testudines. Após 120 dias de adaptação e jejum de 24 horas, 2,5 mL de sangue foram coletados do seio occipital dorsal e depositados em tubo com heparina sódica para a avaliação, na sequência, dos níveis hematologicos. A contagem total de eritrócitos (CTE) e global de leucócitos (CGL) foi realizada em câmara de Neubauer; a dosagem de hemoglobina (HGB) pelo método da método da cianometahemoglobina e o hematócrito (HCT) através da técnica do microhematócrito. A partir da CTE estabeleceram-se matematicamente os índices hematimétricos. A biometria corporal também foi avaliada: a) massa corporal (MC, g); b) dimensões máximas da carapaça [comprimento (CMC, cm) e largura (LMC, cm)];c) dimensões máximas do plastrão [comprimento (CMP, cm) e largura (LMP, cm)]; d) comprimento total da cauda (CTC, cm); e) comprimento linear da base da cauda ao orifício cloacal (CprC, cm); f) comprimento linear do orifício cloacal a extremidade da cauda(CpoC, cm). T. scripta elegans apresentaram valores maiores (P < 0,05) para a biometria corporal, enquanto que o CTC e CprC foram maiores (P<0,05) em T dorbignyi. Os níveis hematológicos não diferiram (P>0,05) entre as espécies. Os resultados demostram que a maior parte da variação observada entre T. scripta elegans e T. dorbignyi é explicada pelas variáveis biométricas e que algumas correlações hematológicas caracterizam diferenças interespecíficas. Conclui-se que os resultados lançam luz sobre valores de referência para estas espécies mantidas em cativeiro na região do semiárido e servem como um modelo para a fisiologia comparativa intra e interespécies.(AU)


This study aimed to evaluate the body biometry and hematological profile of Trachemys scripta elegans (N=28) and Trachemys dorbignyi (N=22) reared in captivity in the Brazilian submedium northeastern semi-arid region in the Valley of the São Francisco river. It aimed to establish basic health blood values and generate useful data on the comparative physiology of Testudines. After 120-day adaptation and 24-hour fasting, 2.5mL of blood were collected from the dorsal occipital sinus and deposited into a tube with sodium heparin for evaluation, following, of hematological levels. The red blood cell count (RBC) and GLC was conducted in a Neubauer chamber, the hemoglobin level (HGB) was supplied by the cyanmethemoglobin method and the hematocrit (HCT) was obtained by the microhematocrit technique. Based on the RBC, the hematimetric were mathematically established. Body biometry were also evaluated: a) body mass (BM, g); b) maximum dimensions of the carapace [length (MLC, cm) and width (MWC, cm)]; c) maximum dimensions of plastron [length (MLP, cm) and width (MWP, cm)]; d) total length of tail (TLT, cm); e) linear length from the base of the tail to the cloacal orifice (LPrC, cm); f) linear length from the cloacal orifice to the extremity of the tail (LPoC, cm). T. scripta elegans showed higher values (P<0.05) for biometrics, while TLT and LPrC were higher (P<0.05) in T. dorbignyi. The hematological values did not differ (P>0.05) among species. The results show that most of the variation found between T. scripta elegans and T. dorbignyi is explained by the biometric variables and that some hematologic correlations characterize interspecies differences. It was conclude that the results shed light on benchmarks for these species kept in captivity in the northeastern semi-arid region and serve as a model for intra and interspecies comparative physiology.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Body Weights and Measures/veterinary , Reference Standards , Turtles/anatomy & histology , Turtles/blood , Hematologic Tests/veterinary , Reptiles/anatomy & histology , Reptiles/blood
17.
Acta amaz ; 46(4): 377-382, out.-dez. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1455324

ABSTRACT

Schistossomiasis is a parasitic disease, caused by helminths of the genus Schistosoma and transmitted in Brazil by snails of the genus Biomphalaria. The municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, in the Brazilian Amazon Region, has unusually registered more than 900 cases of schistosomiasis in the last 10 years. The aim of this study was to investigate de potential of transmission of schsitosomiasis in Ouro Preto do Oeste. A total of 1,196 people in a risk area for the disease transmission were requested to answer a clinical-epidemiological survey and to collect feces samples for examination. All the samples that underwent examination resulted negative for S. mansoni. Two hundred and sixty-eight snails were collected in the locality of Ouro Preto do Oeste in 32 different locations. Among these, 44% were classified as belonging to the genus Biomphalaria. Another sample of snails (146 specimens), collected at the same sites, were submitted to an in vitro challenge with Schistosoma mansoni, and none of them were able to transmit the parasite. Finally, we discuss the epidemiological importance of these findings and the lack of attention to a patient with the disease in a non-endemic area. We failed to detected any association between shistossomiasis and the snails from the genus Biomphalaria, that exists in the local, as the planorbids were unable to transmit Shistosoma mansoni. Perhaps the small sample and/or the stool examination technique can have contributed to the results. Further studies, in other localities of Rondônia and with a greater sample could put some light in this question.


A esquistossomose é uma doença parasitária, causada por helmintos do gênero Schistosoma e transmitida no Brasil por caramujos do gênero Biomphalaria. O município de Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, Amazônia brasileira, notificou, de forma não usual, mais de 900 casos de esquistossomose mansônica nos últimos 10 anos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o potencial de transmissão da esquistossomose em Ouro Preto do Oeste. Um total de 1.196 pessoas residindo em áreas de risco para a transmissão da doença foram abordadas para responderem um questionário clínico-epidemiológico e realização de exame parasitológico de fezes. Todas as amostras foram negativas para S. mansoni. Duzentos e sessenta e oito caramujos foram coletados em Ouro Preto do Oeste, de 32 localidades diferentes. Entre estes, 44% foram classificados como pertencendo ao gênero Biomphalaria. Outra amostra de caramujos (146 exemplares), coletada nos mesmos locais, foi submetida in vitro a cepas de Schistosoma mansoni, sendo todos incapazes de transmitirem o parasito. Por fim, discute-se a importância epidemiológica desses achados e a falta de atenção ao paciente portador da parasitose em áreas indenes. O estudo não conseguiu demonstrar a ocorrência de transmissão na localidade e nem a habilidade dos planorbídeos locais transmitirem Shistosoma mansoni. Talvez o pequeno tamanho da amostra e/ou a técnica de exame de fezes (pouco sensível) possam ter contribuído para este resultado. Estudos futuros, em outras localidades e com uma amostra maior podem colocar um pouco de luz nesta questão.


Subject(s)
Biomphalaria , Snails , Schistosomiasis/transmission , Parasitic Diseases
18.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 29(6): 453-459, nov.-dez.2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832406

ABSTRACT

A insuficiência cardíaca é uma síndrome de caráter sistêmico, cuja complexidade, agregada à falta de conhecimento dos pacientes sobre a doença, pode afetar a aderência ao tratamento. Objetivo: Comparar o nível de conhecimento sobre a doença de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca, participantes e não participantes de programas de reabilitação cardiopulmonar e metabólica. Método: Estudo transversal com amostra intencional estratificada em dois grupos: 61 participantes e 62 não participantes de programas de reabilitação. O nível de conhecimento sobre doença foi avaliado por meio de um questionário. Resultados: Os participantes de reabilitação apresentaram maior conhecimento quando comparados aos não participantes (41,9 ± 8,5 e 33,8 ± 11,6, respectivamente; p < 0,003) e houve correlação negativa moderada entre idade e nível de conhecimento apenas no grupo não participante de reabilitação (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Pacientes portadores de insuficiência cardíaca que participam de programas de reabilitação apresentaram mais conhecimento sobre sua doença em relação aos não participantes.


Heart failure is a systemic character syndrome whose complexity aggregate to lack of knowledge of the patients about the disease can affect adherence to treatment. Objective: To compare the level of knowledge about the disease in patients with heart failure participants and non-participants of cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation programs. Method: Cross-sectional study with an intentional sample stratified into two groups: 61 participants and 62 non-participating of rehabilitations. The level of knowledge about the disease was assessed by the questionnaire. Results: Participants rehabilitations had higher knowledge when compared to non-participants (41.9 ± 8.5 and 33.8 ± 11.6, respectively; p <0.001). The level of knowledge had positive correlations with sociodemographic variables schooling for both group of rehabilitation (p < 0.001) and for the group of non-participants (p < 0.001). We found moderate positive correlation between income and the level of knowledge only in the group of rehabilitation participants (p < 0.003) and moderate negative correlation between age the level of knowledge only in the non-participant group of rehabilitation (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with heart failure participating in rehabilitations programs had more knowledge about their disease compared to nonparticipants.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Medication Adherence , Rehabilitation Services , Surveys and Questionnaires/classification
19.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 29(3): 219-224, 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-868694

ABSTRACT

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and synovial hyperplasia, which usually affects multiple joints. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) becomes susceptible to the development of changes resulting from RA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of TMD and degenerative bone changes in TMJ in patients diagnosed with RA (rheumatoid arthritis). The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/ TMD) questionnaire was used for clinical evaluation of the TMJ and for TMD classification of 49 patients of both sexes and all ages. Individuals who had already undergone prior treatment for TMD and/or with a history of craniofacial trauma were excluded. The participants underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) exams to assess possible degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle and the articular eminence. The frequencies of the changes found are presented and the possible associations between clinical and CT findings analyzed using the chisquare test. It was found that 75% of the patients had complaints of pain in the orofacial region, including arthralgia, myalgia or both. As for the diagnoses, 100% of the sample was diagnosed as RDC/TMD Group III (arthralgia, osteoarthritis or osteoarthrosis). The presence of degenerative bone changes was found in 90% of the subjects, the most prevalent being flattening (78.7%) and osteophytes (39.3%).


A artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença sistêmica, autoimune, caracterizada por inflamação crônica e hiperplasia sinovial, que usualmente afeta múltiplas articulações. Dentre estas, a articulação temporomandibular (ATM), tornase susceptível ao desenvolvimento de alterações. O estudo objetiva avaliar a presença de desordem temporomandibular (DTM) e altera ções ósseas degenerativas da ATM (articulação temporo man di bu lar) de pacientes diagnosticados com AR (artrite reumatóide). Como metodologia, aplicouse o questionário Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/ TDM) em para avaliação clínica da ATM e classificação da desordem temporomandibular em 49 pacientes de ambos os sexos e idade variável. Foram excluídos os indivíduos que já haviam realizado tratamento prévio para DTM e/ou com histórico de traumatismo crâniofacial. Posteriormente os participantes foram submetidos a exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) para avaliação de possíveis alterações degenerativas no côndilo mandibular e na eminência articular. Foram apresentadas as frequências das alterações encontradas e verificouse a associação entre os achados clínicotomográficos por meio do teste do Quiquadrado. Após a avaliação clínica verificouse que 75% dos pacientes possuíam queixas de dor na região orofacial, variando entre a presença de artralgia, mialgia ou ambas. Quanto aos diagnósticos, 100% da amostra apresentou diagnóstico do Grupo III do RDC/TMD (artralgia, osteoartrite ou osteoartrose). A presença de alterações ósseas degenera tivas foi encontrada em 90% dos indivíduos avaliados, sendo que as mais prevalentes foram aplainamento (78,7%) e osteófito (39,3%).


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/classification , Temporomandibular Joint Disorders/physiopathology , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Clinical Diagnosis/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational Study , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/methods
20.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 48(3): 301-306, May-Jun/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-749873

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Toxoplasma gondii infection is widely prevalent in humans and other animals worldwide. Information on the prevalence of T. gondii infection is scarce in some regions of Brazil, including riverside communities along the Amazon River basin. M METHODS: The prevalence of T. gondii in 231 people, aged 1-85 years, who were living in four riverside communities along the Purus River, Lábrea, State of Amazonas, Brazil, was determined. Antibodies against T. gondii were assayed using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The hearts and brains of 50 chickens, which were raised free-range in the communities, were pooled according to the community of origin and bioassayed in mice. The isolates were genotyped using polymorphisms at 12 nuclear markers (SAG1, 5' and 3'-SAG2, alt.SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, Apico and CS3). RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 56.7% (131/231). IgG antibodies were presented by 117 (89.3%) and IgM by 14 (10.7%) of the 131 positive individuals. No association between age group and gender with prevalence was observed (chi-square test, p > 0.05); however, the comparison between localities showed that the seroprevalence of T. gondii was significantly lower among the individuals living in the Boca do Ituxi (p < 0.05) community. Five isolates of T. gondii were obtained in the mouse bioassay, and genotyping revealed two complete genotypes that had not been described previously and three mixed isolates. CONCLUSIONS: These results support previous findings that T. gondii population genetics are highly diverse in Brazil and that T. gondii infection is active in these riverside communities. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Cats , Child , Child, Preschool , Dogs , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Biological Assay , Brain/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Chickens , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Genotype , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Prevalence , Rivers , Rural Population , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Toxoplasma/genetics , Toxoplasma/immunology
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